Independent prognostic value of the congestion and renal index in patients with acute heart failure / 老年心脏病学杂志（英文版）

BACKGROUND@#Clinical outcomes are poor if patients with acute heart failure (AHF) are discharged with residual congestion in the presence of renal dysfunction. However, there is no single indication to reflect the combined effects of the two related pathophysiological processes. We, therefore, proposed an indicator, congestion and renal index (CRI), and examined the associations between the CRI and one-year outcomes and the incremental prognostic value of CRI compared with the established scoring systems in a multicenter prospective cohort of AHF.@*METHODS@#We enrolled AHF patients and calculated the ratio of thoracic fluid content index divided by estimated glomerular filtration rate before discharge, as CRI. Then we examined the associations between CRI and one-year outcomes.@*RESULTS@#A total of 944 patients were included in the analysis (mean age 63.3 ± 13.8 years, 39.3% women). Compared with patients with CRI ≤ 0.59 mL/min per kΩ, those with CRI > 0.59 mL/min per kΩ had higher risks of cardiovascular death or HF hospitalization (HR = 1.56 [1.13-2.15]) and all-cause death or all-cause hospitalization (HR = 1.33 [1.01-1.74]). CRI had an incremental prognostic value compared with the established scoring system.@*CONCLUSIONS@#In patients with AHF, CRI is independently associated with the risk of death or hospitalization within one year, and improves the risk stratification of the established risk models.

Simultaneously quantitative analysis of 35 components in gualoupi injection using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry / 药学学报

A hydrophilic interaction chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for simultaneous quantification of 35 components in gualoupi injection. The analytes were separated with an ACQUITY XBridge Amide column using 20 mmol·L-1 ammonium formate aqueous solution (pH 3.0) as mobile phase A and 20 mmol·L-1 ammonium formate (pH 3.0)∶acetonitrile (1∶9) as mobile phase B for gradient elution. Mass spectrometry with dynamic multiple reaction monitoring and external standard method were used for quantitative analysis. A total of 35 components were determined in 10 batches of gualoupi injection. The results showed that the 35 compounds had a good linear relationship within their respective concentration ranges with the correlation coefficients (R2 > 0.998 0), the recoveries ranged from 76.6% to 118.5%. The results showed that γ-aminobutyric acid, trigonelline, alanine, threonine, homoserine, citrulline, and leucine were abundant in gualoupi injection, while nicotinamide, methylsuccinic acid, cytosine and choline account for a low percentege. The present study provides an important reference for elucidation of the effective material basis and the improvement of quality standard of gualoupi injection.

The applicability of Beckman PK7300 fully automatic blood group instrument for TPPA detection / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the applicability of Beckman PK7300 for TPPA testing on anti-TP reactive specimens from blood donors. 【Methods】 1) The TPPA test using Beckman PK7300 (abbreviated as instrument method) had been established and the performance was verificated by calculating the total compliance rate, positive compliance rate and negative compliance rate as compared with the manual method. The repeatability of this instrument method was also evaluated. 2) The applicability of the instrument method was evaluated by examing 555 TP-reactive samples for 6 consecutive days, so as to analyze the readable reading rate, agglutination strength distribution and other control methods. 【Results】 1) The total, positive, and negative compliance rates of TPPA detection by both instrumental and manual methods were 100% (kappa value =1). The SPC value of samples, read manually as " + + ", was less than or equal to 3 by Beckman PK7300; the SPC value of samples, read manually as " -", was greater than or equal to 20 by Beckman PK7300. The two methods were well consistent. The instrument method was repeated for 12 times for the same samples, and the accuracy rate was 100% (12 / 12), with good repeatability.2) The results of the TPPA test in 555 anti-TP reactivity specimens showed an overall readable rate of 99.82%(554/555). The SPC values of the negative and unsensitized particles of TPPA were distributed on both sides of the determination value without crossover. The control and monitor thoughout the test were carried out automatically by the instrument. 【Conclusion】 The TPPA test conducted by the Beckman PK7300 fully automatic blood group instrument is suitable for the confirmatory experiment of anti-TP reactive specimens in blood center laboratories, which could realize the automation and standardization of TPPA detection.

A study and analysis of eye lens dose levels of medical staff during interventional cardiology procedures / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To analyze the eye lens equivalent dose levels of doctors during interventional cardiology procedures and identify related influential factors. Methods Twenty interventional specialists were selected from a cardiovascular specialty hospital. The cumulative equivalent doses to their eye lens during operations were monitored, and equipment-related parameters (fluoroscopy time, dose area product value [DAP], and entrance skin dose[ESD]), operation types, and operators’ positions were recorded. Results The annual equivalent doses to the eye lens of seven doctors exceeded 20 mSv. There was a linear correlation between the weekly number of operations and the equivalent dose to the eye lens (R2 = 0.457, P = 0.001). The mean eye lens equivalent dose per operation was 17.1 μSv, showing linear correlations with fluoroscopy time, DAP values, and ESD values (R2 = 0.427, 0.206, and 0.237, respectively, P < 0.05). The fluoroscopy time, DAP value, ESD value, and eye lens equivalent dose during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were significantly higher than those during coronary angiography (t = −3.226, −3.108, −3.061, and −2.667, respectively, P < 0.03). Conclusion The annual equivalent doses to the eye lens are relatively high in interventional radiologists, some of whom may have values higher than the latest dose limit (20 mSv) suggested by the International Commission on Radiological Protection. Attention should be paid to operators performing PCI, and the workload optimization is necessary in practical operations to avoid unnecessary fluoroscopy time and reduce the eye lens doses of the operators.

The experience on trocar layout method for robotic "3+2" mode gastrointestinal surgery / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective:Based on experience of robotic gastrointestinal surgery at the Department of General Surgery, Clinical Medicine Center of Gansu Provincial Hospital, this study explored the principles and methods of trocar layout for robotic "3+2" mode gastrointestinal surgery, suitable for beginners.Methods:From Apr 2017 to Oct 2022, the robotic gastrointestinal surgery team of Gansu Provincial Hospital completed 998 cases of robotic "3+2" mode gastrointestinal surgery, including 600 cases of gastric cancer, 100 cases of rectal cancer, 98 cases of descending colon and sigmoid colon cancer, 20 cases of transverse colon cancer, and 180 cases of right colon cancer. Through the continuous optimization and improvement of the problems encountered during the operation, combined with the operator's experience, and taking into account various aspects, we developed the robotic "3+2" mode trocar layout for gastrointestinal surgery.Results:Four principles of trocar layout were developed, namely, the principle of lens placement around the navel, the principle of symmetry in the main operation, the principle of 8-10cm distance between trocar holes, and the principle of symmetry in the auxiliary hole lens. Three trocar layout methods and principles applicable to robotic gastric surgery, and four applicable to robotic colorectal surgery were developed.Conclusion:The trocar layout method of robotic "3+2" mode gastrointestinal surgery is established based on a large number of robotic gastrointestinal surgery experiences. This method is simple and easy to learn, with strong repeatability and operability.

Analysis of clinicopathological features and prognosis of 163 cases of stage Ⅰ cutaneous melanoma / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To analyze clinical manifestations, pathological features and prognosis of patients with stage Ⅰ cutaneous melanoma.Methods:Clinical data were collected from 163 patients with stage Ⅰ cutaneous melanoma in Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital from January 2010 to January 2020, and clinical manifestations, pathological features, treatment methods and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Among the 163 patients with stage Ⅰ cutaneous melanoma, 56 (34.36%) were males, and 107 (65.64%) were females, with a median age of 53 years at the clinic visit. Primary skin lesions were most frequently located on the extremities in 104 cases (63.80%) , of which 39 presented with lesions on the finger or toe nails and 65 with lesions on the other parts of the extremities; skin lesions were located at sun-exposed sites such as the head and face in 29 (17.79%) cases, and at non-sun-exposed sites such as the trunk and extremities except the hands and feet in 30 (18.40%) . Of the 163 patients, 56 (34.36%) were pathologically diagnosed with stage ⅠA cutaneous melanoma, and 107 (65.64%) with stage ⅠB cutaneous melanoma. According to a pathological staging system, 104 (63.80%) patients suffered from acral lentiginous melanoma, 23 (14.11%) superficial spreading melanoma, 15 (9.20%) nodular melanoma, 14 (8.59%) malignant lentigo-maligna melanoma, and 7 (4.29%) other rare or difficult-to-determine types. All the 163 patients received surgical treatment at least once, of whom 15 underwent finger or toe amputation, 94 extended resections, and 54 unextended resections; 35 received secondary surgeries, of whom 33 underwent extended resections and 2 finger amputation. Seven patients developed postoperative lymph node and/or distant organ metastases, 2 of whom died after distant organ metastases. The 5-year survival rate of the 163 patients was 98.00%.Conclusion:Stage Ⅰ cutaneous melanoma commonly has favorable prognosis, and 7 patients developed postoperative lymph node and/or distant organ metastases in this study, suggesting that long-term follow-up of patients with acral melanoma and early intervention of those with metastatic melanoma should be strengthened.

Interventions to improve physical function for children and young people with cerebral palsy: interpretation by Chinese experts / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

This review aims to interpret the interventions to improve physical function for children and young people with cerebral palsy, thus providing relevant suggestions.Relevant literatures published before November 2018 were systematically searched in Cochrane library, CINAHL, and Embase MEDLINE using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation method.Consult with international experts and patients to assess evidence and recommend it.Based on 3 systematic reviews, 30 randomized clinical trials, and 5 pre-and post-treatment studies, a total of 13 recommendations were given.The guidelines recommend that, in order to achieve functional stan-dards, intervention measures should include, patient-selected goals, full-task practice in real-life settings, support for family empowerment, and a team approach.The age, ability, and child/family preferences were all needed to be considered.In order to improve walking ability, ground walking and treadmill training can be carried out.Various methods can promote the realization of hand use goals hand use, including the two-hand exercise training, constraint-induced moverment therapy, goal-oriented training and cognitive therapy.In terms of patient self-care, the guideline proposed that, the combination of full-task practice and auxiliary equipment can improve the independence of self-care and reduce the burden of care givers.Leisure goals could be achieved by the combination of the practice of the entire task with strategies to address environmental, personal, and social barriers.The intervention of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy should take into consideration of patient selection and the goal of full-task practice.The child/family preference, age and ability should be considered when clinical workers selecting specific interventions.

IRE1α deficiency impairs autophagy in chondrocytes by upregulating calcium homeostasis endoplasmic reticulum protein / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the mechanism by which inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α) regulates autophagy function of chondrocytes through calcium homeostasis endoplasmic reticulum protein (CHERP).@*METHODS@#Cultured human chondrocytes (C28/I2 cells) were treated with tunicamycin, 4μ8c, rapamycin, or both 4μ8c and rapamycin, and the expressions of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress- and autophagy-related proteins were detected with Western blotting. Primary chondrocytes from ERN1 knockout (ERN1 CKO) mice and wild-type mice were examined for ATG5 and ATG7 mRNA expressions, IRE1α and p-IRE1α protein expressions, and intracellular calcium ion content using qPCR, Western blotting and flow cytometry. The effect of bafilomycin A1 treatment on LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio in the isolated chondrocytes was assessed with Western blotting. Changes in autophagic flux of the chondrocytes in response to rapamycin treatment were detected using autophagy dual fluorescent virus. The changes in autophagy level in C28/I2 cells overexpressing CHERP and IRE1α were detected using immunofluorescence assay.@*RESULTS@#Tunicamycin treatment significantly up-regulated ER stress-related proteins and LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio and down-regulated the expression of p62 in C28/I2 cells (P < 0.05). Rapamycin obviously up-regulated LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ ratio (P < 0.001) in C28/I2 cells, but this effect was significantly attenuated by co-treatment with 4μ8c (P < 0.05). Compared with the cells from the wild-type mice, the primary chondrocytes from ERN1 knockout mice showed significantly down-regulated mRNA levels of ERN1 (P < 0.01), ATG5 (P < 0.001) and ATG7 (P < 0.001), lowered or even lost expressions of IRE1α and p-IRE1α proteins (PP < 0.01), and increased expression of CHERP (P < 0.05) and intracellular calcium ion content (P < 0.001). Bafilomycin A1 treatment obviously increased LC3 Ⅱ/ LC3 Ⅰ ratio in the chondrocytes from both wild-type and ERN1 knockout mice (P < 0.01 or 0.05), but the increment was more obvious in the wild-type chondrocytes (P < 0.05). Treatment with autophagy dual-fluorescence virus resulted in a significantly greater fluorescence intensity of LC3-GFP in rapamycin-treated ERN1 CKO chondrocytes than in wild-type chondrocytes (P < 0.05). In C28/I2 cells, overexpression of CHERP obviously decreased the fluorescence intensity of LC3, and overexpression of IRE1α enhanced the fluorescence intensity and partially rescued the fluorescence reduction of LC3 caused by CHERP.@*CONCLUSION@#IRE1α deficiency impairs autophagy in chondrocytes by upregulating CHERP and increasing intracellular calcium ion content.

Analgesic Effects of Two Types of Spinal Manipulation in Acute Lumbar Radiculopathy Model Rats / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the analgesic effects of two types of spinal manipulation (SM) in acute lumbar radiculopathy (ALR) model rats induced by self-transplantation of autologous nucleus pulposus (ANP), and clarify the therapeutic mechanism.@*METHODS@#Totally 108 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups by a random number table (18 rats in each group), including a blank group with no interference, a sham operation group with a surgery by making a local soft tissue incision on the left side of L5-6 vertebral segment, a model group with ALR of L5 extraforaminal nerve by ANP self-transplantation without other interference, a sham manipulation (SMA) group with simulating physical rotation, as well as a mobilization (MOB) group with simulating low-velocity and variable-amplitude rotation and a manipulation (MAN) group with simulating high-velocity and low-amplitude rotation. The interventions in SMA, MOB, and MAN groups started 1 day after modeling followed by another 5 treatments at days 3, 5, 8, 10 and 12. Rats in the other 3 groups did not receive any special intervention. Behavioral pain tests of 50% mechanical pain withdrawal threshold (50% PWT) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL) were conducted 1 day before operation followed by another 10 tests on days 1-7, 10, 12 and 14. Immunohistochemical expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) was investigated on days 5 and 12 after operation.@*RESULTS@#After 3 experimental SM interventions, 50% PWT and PWL were higher in the MAN group than the SMA group on days 6 and 7, and higher on days 10, 12 and 14 postoperatively (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while the same indices were significantly higher in the MOB group than MAN group on days 1-4 (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The expression of NOS was lower in the MAN and MOB groups than SMA group on day 12 postoperatively (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Both manipulation and mobilization produced better results than sham interference in relieving pain by reducing neuroinflammation possibly. At the early period, compared with manipulation, mobilization presented less sensitive response to pain until later visit. SM may inhibit the overexpression of NOS, thereby alleviating severe radiculopathy.

Research advances in the features of nutrition metabolism and nutritional support in liver failure / 临床肝胆病杂志

The liver is the main place for metabolism in human body, and when severe liver injury is induced by various factors, there will be disorders in the functions of synthesis, metabolism, and biological conversion. This article summarizes the features of the metabolism of nutrients such as glucose, amino acids, and lipids in the presence of liver failure, as well as the assessment of malnutrition and clinical interventions. For patients with liver failure, it is of great importance to identify and correct malnutrition in a timely manner, so as to improve energy metabolism and inflammation and increase survival rate.

Characteristic chromatogram and index components content of substance benchmark of Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction / 中国中药杂志

The methods for determining the characteristic chromatogram and index components content of Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction were established to provide a scientific basis for the quality evaluation of substance benchmarks and preparations. Eighteen batches of Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction were prepared with the decoction pieces of different batches and of the same batch were prepared respectively, and the HPLC characteristic chromatograms of these samples were established. The similarities of the chromatographic fingerprints were analyzed. With liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, 6-gingerol, ginsenoside Rg_1, and ginsenoside Re as index components, the high performance liquid chromatography was established for content determination with no more than 70%-130% of the mass average as the limit. The results showed that there were 19 characteristic peaks corresponding to the characteristic chromatograms of 18 batches of Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction, including 8 peaks representing liquiritin, 1,5-O-dicaffeoylqunic acid, ginsenoside Rg_1, ginsenoside Re, 1-O-acetyl britannilactone, ginsenoside Rb_1, glycyrrhizic acid, and 6-gingerol, and the fingerprint similarity was greater than 0.97. The contents of liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, 6-gingerol, and ginsenosides Rg_1 + Re in the prepared Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction samples were 0.53%-0.86%, 0.61%-1.2%, 0.023%-0.068%, and 0.33%-0.66%, respectively. Except for several batches, most batches of Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction showed stable contents of index components, with no discrete values. The characteristic chromatograms and index components content characterized the information of Inulae Flos, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens in Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction. This study provides a scientific basis for the further research on the key chemical properties of substance benchmark and preparations of Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction.

Classification management of HIV reactive blood donors based on test results / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To explore the viability of classification management of HIV reactive blood donors based on test results in blood screening laboratory. 【Methods】 According to the HIV test results of blood donors (including twice ELISA and once NAT), the HIV reactive blood donors were divided into three groups. Group 1 was all-test reactive (both ELISA and NAT were reactive), group 2 serological reactive (only ELISA was reactive), and group 3 NAT reactive (only NAT was reactive). The HIV test results of 191 628 blood donors from May to December 2017 were analyzed. Samples with positive RIBA results and / or the repeated reactive NAT results were determined as HIV true positive. The yielding rates of HIV true positivity in each group were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to elevate the S/CO limit under 99% specificity as the blood donor deferral limit for ELISA. 【Results】 A total of 180 HIV reactive samples were detected out of 191 628 blood donors, including 77 positive cases in group 1, 100 in group 2 and 3 in group 3. 1) The HIV reactive results were diverse. Among the 82 true positive blood donors, 4 were early HIV infection (3 HIV antibody+ antigen window period yield, 1 HIV antibody window period yield), 2 were suspected elite controllers, and 76 cases were both serology and NAT reactive. 2) The overall yielding rate of HIV was 47.67%, with group 1 (100%) = group 3 (100%) > group 2 (2.17%), showing statistically significant (P0.05). All true positive blood donors in group 1 and group 2 could be accurately screened by using the blood donor deferral limit for ELISA1 and ELISA2 simultaneously. 【Conclusion】 The composition of HIV results among blood donors is diverse and complex. It is necessary to continuously improve the awareness of HIV prevention and control. The classification of HIV reactive blood donors is conducive to conduct fine and scientific management. The blood donors in group 1 and group 3 should be permanently deferral, and the suspected HIV elite controllers in group 2 should be paid attention to and permanently deferral.

Study on blood donor deferral strategy by analyzing anti-TP test results / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To discuss the reliability and applicability of the current blood deferral strategy concerning anti-TPreactive blood donors (by ELISA). 【Methods】 TPPA confirmatory test was performed on the samples routinely detected by two different anti-TP ELISA reagents(reagent 1 and reagent 2), and the test data of dual reagent reactive and one reagent reactive blood donors were analyzed to determine the possibility of true positivity. 【Results】 1 624 anti-TP reactive samples(by ELISA) were collected, among which 1 467 were dual reagent reactive, 77 were reagent 1 reactive, and 80 were reagent 2 reactive. TPPA results showed that the positive predictive value (PPV) of dual reactive samples was 85.48%. Samples with high S/CO value (reagent 1≥13 and/or reagent 2 >17) were more likely to be true positive, with the PPV at 98.56% (reagent 1) and 99.13% (reagent 2), respectively, which were significantly higher than that when the S/CO value was≥1. Among the samples reactive to one reagent, 2 were confirmed positive in reagent 1 and 3 in reagent 2, with the PPV at 2.60% and 3.75% respectively, and had no correlation with high S/CO value. 【Conclusion】 Dual-reagent reactive donors with high S/CO value showed high possibility of true positivity, therefore should be deferred. TPPA test is helpful to identify true positivity in one-reagent reactive donors. Confirmatory test and follow-up should be a supplement to the current blood donor deferral strategy to ensure blood safety.

Retrospective analysis and prevention strategies of blood-borne occupational exposure in Beijing Red Cross Blood Center from 2010 to 2021 / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To understand the occupational exposure of blood center staff during blood collection and supply, analyze the influencing factors, explore preventive measures and improve the self-protection awareness of staff, so as to further improve the prevention of such occupational exposure in blood centers. 【Methods】 Seventy-two occupational exposure cases, which occurred and registered in Beijing Red Cross Blood Center from January 2010 to December 2021, were reviewed by retrospective survery methods, and such cases were classified and analyzed statistically. The incidence of blood-borne occupational exposure was compared by genders, departments, occurrence locations, education level, occupation type, work link, causes of exposure and body parts, so as to analyze the influencing factors, and then propose corresponding prevention strategies. 【Results】 From 2010 to 2021, a total of 72 blood-borne occupational exposure cases occurred. When classified by gender, the exposure rate of women was more than twice that of men; by age, the exposure rate of 18~25 years old was the highest, reaching 7.84%, but 26~40 years old group contributed the most cases, accounting for 70.83% (51/72); by working years, the exposure rate of staff with working years less than 3 years was relatively high, but the staff with 4~10 working years contributed the most cases, accounting for 54.17% (39/72); by the education level, the the exposure rate of stall with bachelor degree and below was the highest(90.28%, 65/72); by the professional title level, the exposure rate of staff with primary and intermediate professional titles was relatively high (94.44% , 68/72); by departments, the exposure rate of Blood Donation Service was the highest (81.94%, 59/72), which was twice or even three times than that of other departments; by occupational type, nurses had the highest exposure rate, accounting for 87.5% (63/72); by body parts, hands were the most vulnerable body parts to occupational exposure; by location, the exposure rate on mobile vehicles is four times than that in indoor places; by the number of exposure times, the incidence of one exposure cases accounted for 72.22%(52/72)while multiple exposure was rare by work link, the exposure rate of the sampling link was significantly higher than that of the other links. 【Conclusion】 Blood-borne occupational exposure of staff in blood centers is closely related to gender, age, working years, professional title level, department, occupational type, occurrence place, and body part, and has nothing to do with the education level. More attention should be paid to middle-aged female nurses on the front line of blood donation service, staff with primary or intermediate titles and undergraduate degrees. Otherwise, training and protection should be enhanced, operation methods be standardized, the blood collection environment be improved, and the management, automation and intelligent level of blood collection be promoted.

Analysis of reactive HCV results detected by current blood screening strategy / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To assess the status of HCV infection by analyzing the results of anti-HCV reactive blood samples detected by the current blood testing strategy, and discuss the viability of classified management of reactive blood donors. 【Methods】 The anti-HCV reactive samples (dual ELISA and once NAT), from May 2017 to October 2018, were divided into three groups: samples both anti-HCV and HCV RNA reactive, sole HCV RNA reactive, and sole anti-HCV reactive, and all of them were confirmed by recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA). The positive predictive value (PPV) between groups were compared. The sensitivity, specificity and PPV for each reagent under different screening threshold (screening threshold for routine detection, optimal screening threshold, and corresponding screening threshold of the highest PPV) were analyzed. The group with low PPV were stratified by ELISA S/CO values, and PPV by different screening threshold was compared. 【Results】 There were 939 reactive samples (0.49%, 937/191 627). Confirmed by RIBA, the positive rate of anti-HCV reactive samples was 10.67%(100/937). Two samples were sole HCV RNA reactive (0.001%). Both anti-HCV+ HCV RNA reactive samples were 6.71%(63/939), with the PPV of 96.83%(61/63). Sole anti-HCV reactive samples were 93.08(874/939), with the PPV of 4.46%(39/874), among which PPV by dual and one ELISA reagent were 18.72% and 0.15%, respectively, showing statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The PPV between different S/CO values was statistically significant (P<0.05). The optimal screening thresholds of anti-HCV reagent were 9.29 and 3.97, according to the ROC curve, with significant difference noticed in PPV by different screening threshold (P<0.05). PPV in the sole anti-HCV reactive group increased from 4.46% (the routine screening threshold) to 49.35%(the optimal screening threshold), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The blood donors with both anti-HCV and HCV RNA reactive can be determined as HCV infection and need to be permanently deferred. The S/CO value of sole anti-HCV reactive samples was positively correlated with RIBA confirmation results, and the higher the S/CO value, the greater the chances of positive confirmation are. With the current blood screening strategy, the HCV infection status of sole anti-HCV reactive blood donors can be determined by establishing a screening threshold with high PPV or adding confirmatory test.

Study on the application of a new type of vertebral plate nail guide / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore safety and accuracy of novel C@*METHODS@#From January 2018 to June 2018, 40 patients who underwent three-dimensional CT of cervical spine were selected, including 21 males and 19 females, heighted from 165 to 180 cm with an average of (172.9±9.5) cm, aged from 38 to 55 years old (51.1±12.8) years old, excluding patients with axis lamina defect and hypoplasia. Two sets of 3D printed specimens were made from the three-dimensional CT data of cervical spine of each patient, and both of than were used for the in vitro nailing experiment. According to different nail placement methods, in vitro experimental part of this experiment was divided into guide nail placement group and hand nail placement group, 40 pieces in each group. At the same time, the three-dimensionalmodel of cervical spine of 40 patients was reconstructed on computer, and the ideal needle point data and inclination angle were obtained by computer simulation of the nail placement. This is 3D simulation nail placement group, 40 pieces. With vitro experiment, the risk level of screw placement, the position of needle exit point and inclination angle were measured in guide nail group and hand nail group. Based on the accuracy of needle point and inclination angle of nail path, the data of guide nail group, the hand nail group and 3D simulation nail group were compared, and the data of each group were statistically analyzed to determine the accuracy.@*RESULTS@#In guide nail group, 75 screws were acceptable and 5 were dangerous. The acceptable rate was 94%, and the double cortical rate was 93%. There were 62 position-acceptable screws in hand nail group, and 18 positions were dangerous, with an acceptable rate of 78% and a double cortical rate of 33%. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (@*CONCLUSION@#The guide is universal, with stable structure, accurate guidance, and easy operation. It could be placed with bilateral lamina screws at the same time, shortening the time of nail placement, avoiding collision of two way cross screws, increase the rate of double cortex. Ultimately, efficiency and security can be improved.

The ferric metabolism of male regular plateletpheresis donors with plasma ferritin < 30 μg/L / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the variation of ferric metabolism indexes in male regular platetpheresis donors (MRPDs) with the low iron storage (plasma ferritin <30 μg/L). 【Methods】 The ferric metabolism indexes of 137 MRPDs with ferritin <30 μg/Lwere detected, including serum free iron (sFI), hemoglobin (Hb), unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin (TRF) and prealbumin (PALB). The correlation between these indexes and the level of ferritin, the total number of platelet donation and the number of platelet donations in the previous year were analyzed. 【Results】 The UIBC of MRPDs with ferritin <30 μg/L showed a significant upward trendin comparison with the normal reference value, with the median level of UIBC at 55.1 μmol / L. The level of serum iron decreased significantly, with the median level at 10.9 μg / L. The level of ferritin was correlated with UIBC and Hb, and the indexes of iron metabolism were generally correlated to each other. The number of platelet donation in the previous year was correlated with TIBC, UIBC and TRF. The total number of platelet donation was correlated with TIBC and TRF. 【Conclusion】 MRPDs with ferritin <30 μg/L showed abnormalferric metabolism. It is necessary to detect both ferritin and ferric metabolism indexes to evaluate the iron deficiency in MRPDs.

Hemoglobin and ferritin status in frequent plateletpheresis donors / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate and analyze the effect of frequent platelet donation on hemoglobin(Hb) and ferritin in blood donors. 【Methods】 73 male plateletpheresis donors, with an average donation interval of 15.26 days, in Beijing Red Cross Blood Center between March 2019 to June 2019 were enrolled into this study. These donors were classified into 3 groups according to the ferritin level during the 5 consecutive donations: 1st group (n=21, ferritin ≥30 μg/L), 2nd group (n=23, ferritin<30 μg/L) and 3rd group (n=29, ferritin fluctuated at 30 μg/L). Their Hb and ferritin during the 5 consecutive donation were detected and further analyzed. 【Results】 1) No significant difference was found in Hb during the 5 consecutive donations (P>0.05), and the ferritin decreased gradually(P<0.01). The incidence of low-value ferritin increased with the donations (35.62% - 63.01%). 2) The same change trend in Hb and ferritin was observed in 1st and 2nd group, except for Hb at 4th donation was significantly higher in 1st group than it in 2nd group. 3) Increasing Hb threshold for donation from 120g/L to 135 g/L can reduce the incidence of low-value ferritin from 23.23% to 18.00%, but also lead to a decrease of blood resources by 10.61%. 【Conclusion】 A progressive decline in iron reserve was observed in frequent platepheresis donors, with minimal impact of Hb on reducing the risk of iron deficiency. It is particularly necessary to carry out ferritin testing for frequent platepheresis donors.

Investigation and analysis of plasma ferritin levels in plateletpheresis donors / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 We performed a prospective analysis of iron status in plateletpheresis donors, to provide data basis and support for optimizing the strategy of plateletpheresis donation and high quality service for donors. 【Methods】 Plasma ferritin levels were measured in samples from 3 444 plateletpheresis donors who donated in Beijing Red Cross Blood Center to evaluate iron status from the perspective of sex, age, donation status and number of donations in the past 12 months. 【Results】 1) The incidence of low ferritin level was 26.63% in 3 444 cases. There was significant difference in the incidence of low ferritin between sex, as 26.75% in males and 26.31% in females (P>0.05), respectively. There was no significant difference in the concentration of ferritin and the incidence of low ferritin between different age groups of first-time donors. The concentration of ferritin declined and the incidence of low ferritin in males and females increased along with accumulated donations during the past 12 months. 【Conclusions】 This is a large study of ferritin testing in Chinese plateletpheresis donors from multiple dimensions, which laid a foundation for further researches. Ferritin screening is necessary and helpful to reduce the risk of iron deficiency in plateletpheresis donors.

Ferritin in whole blood donors: an investigation in Beijing / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To detect the ferritin of whole blood donors in Beijing, and to analyze the influencing factors related to low level of ferritin, so as to provide scientific basis for iron supplementation of blood donors. 【Methods】 Ferritin was detected among 27 071 blood donors in Beijing area from March to June 2018. Related information of blood donors with low ferritin level was analyzed using Logistic regression analysis to determine the type of blood donors most likely to present low ferritin level. 【Results】 The rate of low ferritin value in whole blood donors in Beijing was 8.54%. The abnormal low ferritin was affected by gender, repeat donation behavior and the number of blood donations within one year, and not by age.The gender and the number of blood donations within one year presented great impact, with OR value at 8.258(CI7.463~9.137)and 2.148(CI1.856~2.485), respectively. 【Conclusion】 The iron storage status of whole blood donors in Beijing area under the current blood policy is better than that in other developed countries, revealed by a large-scale population survey, yet more attention should be paid to the ferritin status of repeat blood donors.